How UVC Light Disrupts Microbial DNA

Ultraviolet (UV) light is a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays. UV light is categorized into three main types based on wavelength: UVA (315-400 nm), UVB (280-315 nm), and UVC (100-280 nm).

100nm
UVC
280nm
315nm
UVB
400nm
UVA
700nm
Visible Light

UVC light, particularly around the 254 nm wavelength, is exceptionally effective at disrupting the DNA and RNA of microorganisms, preventing them from reproducing and effectively neutralizing them.

The Molecular Mechanism

When UVC light penetrates a microorganism, it's absorbed by nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). The high energy from UVC photons causes adjacent thymine bases in DNA to form thymine dimers – abnormal chemical bonds between adjacent thymine bases. These dimers prevent DNA from replicating correctly.

DNA Damage by UVC Radiation
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Interactive: Thymine Dimer Formation Process
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This disruption of the DNA structure prevents the microorganism from reproducing and performing essential cellular functions, leading to its inactivation or death. UVC treatment is particularly effective against bacteria, viruses, molds, and other pathogens commonly found in environmental biofilms.

Key UVC Facts

  • Wavelength Specificity: UVC light at 254 nm is closest to DNA's absorption peak (260 nm), making it most effective for germicidal applications
  • Exposure Requirements: Effectiveness depends on intensity (dose) and exposure time
  • No Chemical Residue: UVC leaves no harmful residues, making it environmentally friendly
  • Surface and Air Treatment: Effective for both surface decontamination and air disinfection
  • Resistance-Free: Microorganisms cannot develop resistance to the physical mechanism of UVC

Far-UVC: The Next Generation

Recent research has focused on Far-UVC light (207-222 nm), which maintains strong germicidal properties while being safer for human exposure. At these shorter wavelengths, the light cannot penetrate the outer dead layer of human skin or the tear layer of the eye, but can still effectively inactivate microorganisms, which are much smaller in size.

UVsynC's Approach

Our technology uses precisely controlled UVC light at optimal wavelengths to target environmental biofilms. We combine advanced optics with intelligent control systems to maximize effectiveness while ensuring safety.

The UVsynC system delivers UVC light to disrupt microbial DNA in targeted areas, preventing colony formation and biofilm development in critical environments such as healthcare facilities, food processing plants, and other sensitive settings.

Interested in our UVC technology?

Our team works with UVC science for practical applications. For more information about our approach and how it might address your needs, please contact us.

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